The TIRADS (Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System) calculator is a tool designed to help you evaluate the risk of malignancy in thyroid nodules based on ultrasound features. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to use the Tirads calculator:
Step 1: Select Nodule Composition
- Composition refers to the structure of the thyroid nodule.
- Choose the option that best describes the nodule:
- Cystic or almost completely cystic (0 points)
- Spongiform (0 points)
- Mixed cystic and solid (1 point)
- Solid or almost completely solid (2 points)
- Indeterminate due to calcification (2 points)
Step 2: Determine Echogenicity
- Echogenicity describes how the nodule appears on the ultrasound in terms of its brightness relative to surrounding tissues.
- Select the appropriate option:
- Anechoic (0 points)
- Hyperechoic or isoechoic (1 point)
- Hypoechoic (2 points)
- Very hypoechoic (3 points)
- Cannot be determined (1 point)
Step 3: Evaluate the Shape
- Shape considers the orientation of the nodule.
- Choose from the following:
- Wider than tall (0 points)
- Taller than wide (3 points)
Step 4: Assess the Margins
- Margin evaluates the edges of the nodule.
- Select the most fitting description:
- Smooth (0 points)
- Ill-defined (0 points)
- Lobulated or irregular (2 points)
- Extra-thyroidal extension (3 points)
- Cannot be determined (0 points)
Step 5: Identify Echogenic Foci
- Echogenic Foci refers to small bright spots within the nodule.
- You can select multiple options if applicable:
- None or large comet-tail artifacts (0 points)
- Macrocalcifications (1 point)
- Peripheral (rim) calcifications (2 points)
- Punctate echogenic foci (3 points)
Step 6: Calculate the TIRADS Score
- Once you’ve made selections for all the categories, click the “Calculate TIRADS” button.
- The calculator will sum up the points from each category and display your TIRADS score along with the corresponding category.
Understanding the Results
- TIRADS Score: This is the total score calculated based on your selections.
- Category: The category corresponds to the risk of malignancy:
- TR1 (Benign): 0 points
- TR2 (Not Suspicious): 2 points
- TR3 (Mildly Suspicious): 3 points
- TR4 (Moderately Suspicious): 4-6 points
- TR5 (Highly Suspicious): 7 or more points
Step 7: Review References
- For additional reading and to better understand the guidelines, you can click on the “Expand for References” button to view the relevant literature supporting the TIRADS system.
This tirads calculator helps in making informed decisions about the management of thyroid nodules, providing a standardized approach to assess the risk of cancer.